{"id":5902,"date":"2021-11-11T13:19:17","date_gmt":"2021-11-11T13:19:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legacy.agrilink2020.eu\/uncategorized-cs\/zive-laboratore-jiny-pohled-na-udrzitelne-pestovani-kukurice"},"modified":"2022-04-12T18:59:30","modified_gmt":"2022-04-12T18:59:30","slug":"zive-laboratore-jiny-pohled-na-udrzitelne-pestovani-kukurice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/vyzkumnici\/zive-laboratore-jiny-pohled-na-udrzitelne-pestovani-kukurice","title":{"rendered":"\u017div\u00e9 laborato\u0159e: Jin\u00fd pohled na udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Provincie Noord-Brabant, Nizozemsko a Flandry, Belgie<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00edlem nizozemsko-belgick\u00e9 \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159e bylo vyvinout nov\u00e9 poradensk\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed udr\u017eitelnosti p\u0159i p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed krmn\u00e9 kuku\u0159ice: 1) zm\u011bna postoje zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f, dodavatel\u016f v oblasti zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a poradc\u016f k riziku zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody vyplavov\u00e1n\u00edm dusi\u010dnan\u016f a 2) zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed jejich schopnosti a ochoty p\u0159ij\u00edmat opat\u0159en\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tohoto rizika. Pokud chceme podpo\u0159it p\u0159echod od kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9ho rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o \u0159e\u0161en\u00edch pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pole k dlouhodob\u00e9mu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed integrovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v r\u00e1mci \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed cel\u00e9ho zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho podniku je t\u0159eba na p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice nahl\u00ed\u017eet \u0161\u00ed\u0159eji. <\/p>\n\n

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Souvislosti, p\u0159edm\u011bt a c\u00edlov\u00e1 skupina<\/h2>\n\n

V regionech Noord-Brabant a Flandry zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v intenzivn\u00ed \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 v\u00fdrob\u011b v kombinaci s rostlinnou v\u00fdrobou a zahradnictv\u00edm. Kuku\u0159ice je d\u016fle\u017eitou krmnou surovinou pro intenzivn\u00ed chovy dojnic v regionu a mnoho zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k jej\u00edmu p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed smluvn\u00ed partnery. Nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 poradensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby poskytuje spole\u010dnost Royal Agrifirm Group (https:\/\/www.agrifirm.com\/Organisation\/about-us\/<\/a>). <\/p>\n\n

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V d\u016fsledku zm\u011bn v legislativ\u011b a vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti se v posledn\u00edch letech v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ila pot\u0159eba zlep\u0161it udr\u017eitelnost v oblasti p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice. P\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u0161ak zna\u010dn\u00e1 nejistota, pokud jde o vliv zp\u016fsob\u016f hospoda\u0159en\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f na kvalitu vody, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f a proveditelnost v sou\u010dasnosti navrhovan\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Hlavn\u00edmi akt\u00e9ry, kte\u0159\u00ed se v r\u00e1mci \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159e se\u0161ly, byli zem\u011bd\u011blci, poradci a dodavatel\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00edm kuku\u0159ice v Noord-Brabantsku a Flandrech. Pat\u0159ily mezi n\u011b i organizace, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e spolupracovaly v r\u00e1mci projektu „Grondig Boeren met Mais“ (https:\/\/www.grondigboerenmetmais.nl\/<\/a>) v Nizozemsku. <\/p>\n\n

Partner a kontaktn\u00ed osoba<\/h2>\n\n

Wageningen University and Research<\/h2>\n\n

Jorieke Potters, jorieke.potters@wur.nl<\/a><\/p>\n\n

Jak Wageningen UR, tak Innovatiesteunpunt maj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s podporou zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch metod.<\/p>\n\n

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www.wur.nl<\/a><\/p>\n\n

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<\/p>\n\n

Innovatiesteunpunt<\/h2>\n\n

Melanie van Raaij, melanie.van.raaij@innovatiesteunpunt.be<\/a><\/p>\n\n

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innovatiesteunpunt.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159e<\/h2>\n\n
Nizozemsk\u00fd AKIS je velmi dynamick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd spojuje soukrom\u00e9 slu\u017eby v oblasti extenze se st\u00e1tn\u00edm financov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdzkumu, dopln\u011bn\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00fdmi formami partnerstv\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho a soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed akt\u00e9r\u016f AKIS.<\/td><\/tr>
\u017div\u00e1 laborato\u0159 byla poprv\u00e9 zalo\u017eena v Nizozemsku na z\u00e1klad\u011b st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci projektu „Grondig Boeren met Mais“ (viz v\u00fd\u0161e). Prvn\u00edm krokem p\u0159i vzniku \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159e byla s\u00e9rie p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch rozhovor\u016f se zem\u011bd\u011blci, poradci a dodavateli o jejich pohledu na p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice a o v\u00fdzv\u00e1ch a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech souvisej\u00edc\u00edch se zlep\u0161en\u00edm udr\u017eitelnosti v t\u00e9to oblasti. <\/td><\/tr>
Z rozhovor\u016f jasn\u011b vyplynulo, \u017ee a) pot\u0159eba zm\u011bnit st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed zp\u016fsoby p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice je vn\u00edm\u00e1na p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v souvislosti s pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi p\u0159edpisy v oblasti \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed; b) zem\u011bd\u011blci a dodavatel\u00e9 proto projevovali jen mal\u00fd z\u00e1jem a nec\u00edtili nal\u00e9havost prov\u00e9st nezbytn\u00e9 zm\u011bny a c) zem\u011bd\u011bl\u0161t\u00ed poradci hr\u00e1li p\u0159i prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice jen omezenou roli. <\/td><\/tr>
Byly v\u0161ak identifikov\u00e1ny t\u0159i potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed nov\u00e9 \u201eporadensk\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje“: N\u00e1stroj na podporu rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o \u201emeziplodin\u00e1ch\u201c Poradensk\u00e9 cesty za \u00fa\u010delem v\u00fdm\u011bny zku\u0161enost\u00ed a praktick\u00fdch poznatk\u016f o tom, jak sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko vyplavov\u00e1n\u00ed dusi\u010dnan\u016f a chr\u00e1nit kvalitu vody Kontroln\u00ed seznam pro diskuse mezi zem\u011bd\u011blci, dodavateli a poradci p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm p\u011bstitelsk\u00e9 sez\u00f3ny kuku\u0159ice \u2013 takzvan\u00e9 \u201eneform\u00e1ln\u00ed pov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed o udr\u017eitelnosti“.<\/td><\/tr>
Potenci\u00e1l t\u011bchto n\u00e1stroj\u016f byl d\u00e1le zkoum\u00e1n prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch rozhovor\u016f, setk\u00e1n\u00ed se z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdmi stranami, spole\u010dn\u00fdch tv\u016fr\u010d\u00edch semin\u00e1\u0159\u016f a t\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv mezi Belgi\u00ed a Nizozemskem. Za \u00fa\u010delem v\u00fdvoje n\u00e1stroje na podporu rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o \u201emeziplodin\u00e1ch“ byl uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n spole\u010dn\u00fd tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed semin\u00e1\u0159 za \u00fa\u010dasti zapojen\u00fdch osob. I kdy\u017e v\u0161ak m\u011bli \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci podobn\u00fd z\u00e1jem na v\u00fdvoji n\u00e1stroje, nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vyvinout jeden jedin\u00fd n\u00e1stroj na podporu rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed pro v\u0161echny zem\u011bd\u011blce. M\u00edsto toho si ka\u017ed\u00fd zem\u011bd\u011blec vytvo\u0159il vlastn\u00ed podporu pro rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o meziplodin\u00e1ch. Poradensk\u00e1 cesta m\u011bla podobu organizovan\u00e9ho autobusov\u00e9ho z\u00e1jezdu, b\u011bhem n\u011bho\u017e prob\u011bhly n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy r\u016fzn\u00fdch farem s m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm dusi\u010dnan\u016f na pol\u00edch zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f ze s\u00edt\u011b \u201eGrondig Boeren met Mais“, po n\u011bm\u017e n\u00e1sledovala \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed diskuse. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

Z\u00edskan\u00e9 poznatky<\/h2>\n\n
Zapojen\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f<\/strong>Aktivn\u011b zapojit zem\u011bd\u011blce a poradce do proces\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch se \u017eiv\u00fdmi laborato\u0159emi bylo obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. P\u0159esto\u017ee je udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice v dlouhodob\u00e9m z\u00e1jmu zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f, tlak na zm\u011bnu st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch metod p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blci p\u0159\u00edmo nepoci\u0165uj\u00ed a nevn\u00edmaj\u00ed jej jako nal\u00e9hav\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Tlak ze strany legislativy a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed se projevuje pouze nep\u0159\u00edmo. <\/td><\/tr>
Z\u00e1jem a v\u00fdm\u011bna n\u00e1zor\u016f<\/strong>Z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany zapojen\u00e9 do \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159e m\u011bly v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1jem o v\u00fdm\u011bnu zku\u0161enost\u00ed o agronomick\u00fdch postupech ne\u017e o poradensk\u00fdch metod\u00e1ch. Bylo proto obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 se soust\u0159edit na hlavn\u00ed c\u00edl \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159e \u201evyvinout nov\u00e9 poradensk\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na zlep\u0161en\u00ed udr\u017eitelnosti p\u0159i p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice“. Krom\u011b toho se nezd\u00e1lo, \u017ee by kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem p\u0159i poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed poradenstv\u00ed v oblasti udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed byl nedostatek vhodn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f nebo metod. M\u00edsto toho bylo zjevn\u00e9, \u017ee udr\u017eitelnost m\u00e1 pro v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany n\u00edzkou prioritu. <\/td><\/tr>
Tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce <\/strong>V\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany zapojen\u00e9 do \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159e se ztoto\u017enily s t\u00edm, \u017ee je \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed vytvo\u0159it n\u00e1stroj na podporu rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti meziplodin. I kdy\u017e byly vytvo\u0159eny vhodn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro efektivn\u00ed tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci, nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 v praxi vyvinout jeden spole\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj. To m\u011blo dva d\u016fvody: V obecn\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku nebylo v r\u00e1mci semin\u00e1\u0159e mo\u017en\u00e9, aby se v\u0161ichni \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci (zem\u011bd\u011blci, dodavatel\u00e9 a z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany) shodli na obsahu podp\u016frn\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroje s ohledem na jejich r\u016fzn\u00e9 individu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1jmy, kter\u00e9 je tla\u010dily r\u016fzn\u00fdmi sm\u011bry. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b poradci zapojen\u00ed do procesu m\u011bli z\u00e1jem p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na budov\u00e1n\u00ed a udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00fdch vztah\u016f se zem\u011bd\u011blci, co\u017e podpo\u0159ilo v\u00fdvoj samostatn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f na podporu rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00fdch pot\u0159eb\u00e1m jednotliv\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f. <\/td><\/tr>
Prost\u0159ed\u00ed a souvislosti<\/strong>Navzdory mnoha spole\u010dn\u00fdm rys\u016fm bylo obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 naj\u00edt smyslupln\u00e9 vazby mezi provinci\u00ed Noord-Brabant v Nizozemsku a regionem Flandry v Belgii. V praxi nebyla \u017eiv\u00e1 laborato\u0159 schopna \u201ep\u0159eklenout“ existuj\u00edc\u00ed velmi specifick\u00e9 okolnosti, proto\u017ee praktick\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti z jedn\u00e9 oblasti se nedaly efektivn\u011b p\u0159en\u00e9st do jin\u00e9. Z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee je t\u0159eba \u017eivou laborato\u0159 pe\u010dliv\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobit konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m. Spojen\u00ed \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159e se st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm projektem \u201eGrondig Boeren met Mais“ bylo p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed i hrozbou z\u00e1rove\u0148. Projekt poskytl zdroje a existuj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch stran, ale \u017eiv\u00e1 laborato\u0159 fungovala ve st\u00ednu tohoto projektu, jej\u00ed existence nebyla dob\u0159e z\u0159ejm\u00e1 a nebyla j\u00ed v\u011bnov\u00e1na dostate\u010dn\u00e1 pozornost. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n
\n\n

V\u00edce informac\u00ed o t\u00e9to \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159i (v angli\u010dtin\u011b)<\/p>\n\n

Practice Abstract 8 \u2013 Problem solving in Living Lab: Improving innovation support to sustainable soil management in maize cultivation<\/strong> (Stichting Wageningen Research)<\/a><\/p>\n\n

Practice Abstract 37 \u2013 <\/a>How is design thinking used in the living lab? <\/a><\/strong>(<\/a>Innovatiesteunpunt)<\/a><\/p>\n\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek o t\u00e9to \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159i (v nizozem\u0161tin\u011b)<\/p>\n\n

https:\/\/www.innovatiesteunpunt.be\/nl\/inspiratie\/veldbijeenkomst-vanggewas-2019-hoe-heeft-u-het-aangepakt-20-november-2019<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Provincie Noord-Brabant, Nizozemsko a Flandry, Belgie C\u00edlem nizozemsko-belgick\u00e9 \u017eiv\u00e9 laborato\u0159e bylo vyvinout nov\u00e9 poradensk\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed udr\u017eitelnosti p\u0159i p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed krmn\u00e9 kuku\u0159ice: 1) zm\u011bna postoje zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f, dodavatel\u016f v oblasti zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a poradc\u016f k riziku zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody vyplavov\u00e1n\u00edm dusi\u010dnan\u016f a 2) zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed jejich schopnosti a ochoty p\u0159ij\u00edmat opat\u0159en\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tohoto rizika. Pokud chceme podpo\u0159it p\u0159echod … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[121,122,148,149,150],"tags":[195],"region":[],"country":[214,205],"work_package":[241],"keyword":[268,297],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5902"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5902"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5902\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6086,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5902\/revisions\/6086"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5902"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5902"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5902"},{"taxonomy":"region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/region?post=5902"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=5902"},{"taxonomy":"work_package","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/work_package?post=5902"},{"taxonomy":"keyword","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrilink2020.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/keyword?post=5902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}